Kuala lumpur: Hikers who realise they have veered off the original trail are advised not to panic or walk aimlessly, but instead to practise the 'STOP' formula to increase their chances of being rescued. Sime Darby Property Berhad's Head of Property Security Management, Major (Rtd) Hairulnizam Samuri, said the formula stands for Sit, Think, Observe, and Plan, which serves as a basic survival procedure in the jungle.
According to BERNAMA News Agency, Hairulnizam explained that when hikers realise they have gone astray, they should stop walking and sit down immediately. Continuing to walk increases the likelihood of wandering deeper into the jungle. By sitting down and calming oneself, it is possible to prevent adrenaline from spiking, which subsequently helps in thinking rationally. He shared these insights during his appearance on Bernama Radio's Jendela Fikir programme, titled 'Safe Hiking, Meaningful Experience,' at Wisma Bernama.
Regarding the 'Think' element, Hairulnizam emphasized the importance of reviewing the route taken, including the last known trail markers, direction of travel, and terrain before realizing one was lost. Observing the surroundings to ensure safety and identifying available resources such as food, water, medicine, and emergency equipment is crucial for making realistic plans based on the current situation.
As a Royal Malay Regiment (RAMD) veteran, Hairulnizam advised against continuing the journey in the dark to avoid the risk of injury and more severe disorientation. He identified sudden weather changes, such as heavy rain and thick fog, as well as communication breakdowns within the group, as primary causes for hikers getting lost.
Health factors like extreme fatigue, muscle cramps, injuries, and panic can also cause a person to lose focus and veer off the original trail. Hairulnizam stressed the importance of discipline within the group, including obeying instructions from the expedition leader and the guide, as well as the last hiker, who acts as a sweeper to prevent participants from being left behind.
To facilitate search-and-rescue (SAR) operations, Hairulnizam advised lost hikers to remain in a safe, open location to be easily spotted from the air. Signaling can be done by spreading out brightly coloured tent canvases or clothing, forming SOS symbols using stones or wood, and using smoke and light reflections from mirrors. For ground searches, hikers can leave clues such as arrow markers, snapped twigs, or markings on trees to assist the rescue team in tracking their path.
Regarding preparation before a hike, Hairulnizam emphasized the necessity for every hiker to carry basic equipment, including an emergency whistle, a pocketknife, a first-aid kit, a lighter, and emergency food and water. He concluded by stating that the jungle is not cruel to those who are prepared, but can be unforgiving to those who are complacent and neglect safety aspects.