Kuala lumpur: The public has been advised to remain alert to current weather changes and be prepared for the transition phase of extreme weather phenomena, following the expected occurrence of the 'Super El Nino' at the end of this year.
According to BERNAMA News Agency, Malaysian Meteorological Department (MetMalaysia) National Climate Centre director Dr. Ahmad Fairudz Jamaluddin noted that monitoring of global weather forecast models indicated a high probability of a drastic increase in sea surface temperatures in the Pacific Ocean. Currently, Malaysia is experiencing a weak El Nino phase, which is expected to strengthen in the coming months. Most models predict the potential development of a Super El Nino.
Dr. Ahmad Fairudz highlighted that if a Super El Nino occurs at the end of this year or early next year, Malaysia could face weather conditions similar to the strong El Nino episodes recorded in 1997-1998 and 2015-2016, which had significant impacts on people's lives and the country's economic activities. He shared these insights as a guest on Bernama Radio's Jendela Fikir programme titled 'Kesiapsiagaan Menghadapi El Nino' (Preparedness To Face El Nino).
Reflecting on the 1997-1998 phenomenon, Dr. Ahmad Fairudz mentioned that it not only recorded the country's highest temperature of 40.1 degrees Celsius but also led to several areas, such as Sarawak, being declared under emergency due to severe haze. A similar impact was observed in 2015 and 2016 when over 250 schools in the northern region of Peninsular Malaysia had to be temporarily closed due to extreme daily temperatures exceeding 37 degrees Celsius.
Commenting on the current situation, Dr. Ahmad Fairudz stated that the ongoing Southwest Monsoon contributes to an early reduction in rainfall in several states. Areas such as southern Peninsular Malaysia, northern Sarawak, and eastern Sabah are expected to experience a rainfall reduction of up to 40 percent, while southern Sarawak may see a decline of up to 60 percent from normal levels.
To mitigate the water crisis impact, MetMalaysia, in collaboration with relevant agencies, has conducted periodic cloud seeding operations at major dams with low water levels. However, these operations face significant challenges if the atmosphere is too dry or the airspace is shrouded in thick haze. Dr. Ahmad Fairudz emphasized that MetMalaysia continuously monitors sea surface temperatures, the El Nino index, and various weather forecast models, enabling more accurate weather forecasting up to six months in advance.
MetMalaysia also employs the Malaysian Fire Danger Rating System (FDRS) to identify areas at high risk of forest and peatland fires, particularly during hot and dry conditions. They issue various reports and warnings related to hot weather and drought, as well as agro-meteorological reports periodically to help the public and government agencies prepare in advance.
According to Dr. Ahmad Fairudz, MetMalaysia has conducted about 70 briefing and engagement sessions with ministries, federal agencies, state governments, and stakeholders to ensure that mitigation and adaptation measures can be implemented before the impacts of El Nino become more severe. He also advised the public to follow official weather updates, particularly from MetMalaysia, practice water and electricity conservation measures, reduce outdoor activities during extreme heat, and avoid open burning to reduce the risks associated with the phenomenon.