Kuala lumpur: The public has been urged to undergo early screening for tuberculosis (TB) and adopt a healthy lifestyle to maintain optimal immunity and prevent the infectious disease. Deputy director-general of Health (Public Health) Dr. Ismuni Bohari emphasized that immediate treatment and early detection are crucial for full recovery and breaking the chain of infection within the community.
According to BERNAMA News Agency, Dr. Ismuni stated that the TB infection rate in the country has remained stable at 61 to 80 cases per 100,000 population since 2015. However, he cautioned against complacency and highlighted the importance of identifying and treating individuals who may have been infected by an index case to prevent further transmission.
He advised the public to maintain their body's immunity by leading a healthy lifestyle, staying active, and avoiding smoking. He also recommended that young children receive the BCG vaccination as early protection. Dr. Ismuni advised symptomatic individuals to wear face masks and seek screening before attending community activities in enclosed spaces to protect those with lower immunity.
Raja Perempuan Zainab II Hospital (HRPZ II) respiratory consultant Datuk Dr. Mat Zuki Mat Jaeb underscored the significance of detecting latent TB, where the bacteria remain in the body without causing symptoms. He explained that TB bacteria could remain dormant for years and become active only when an individual's immunity weakens due to age or chronic diseases such as diabetes and kidney failure.
Dr. Mat Zuki noted that TB is not limited to causing a prolonged cough, as it can attack other organs, including the brain, potentially leading to fatal outcomes or permanent disabilities if treatment is delayed. He mentioned the availability of rapid screening methods, such as the tuberculin skin test or Mantoux test and blood tests, to detect the bacteria early.
He also reminded patients of the importance of adhering to the prescribed medication regime to avoid the development of Multi-Drug Resistant TB (MDR-TB), which is more challenging and time-consuming to treat. TB treatment is free, and the disease is fully curable if patients follow the prescribed treatment plan.