Kuala lumpur: The upcoming festive season, often marked by frequent feasting, may increase the risk of dyspepsia or indigestion, as repeated heavy meals within short intervals can place significant strain on the upper digestive system.
According to BERNAMA News Agency, Sunway Medical Centre Velocity (SMCV) noted in a statement that dyspepsia affects an estimated 15 to 25 percent of Malaysians, making it one of the most common gastrointestinal complaints nationwide. The condition is described as a group of upper gastrointestinal symptoms originating from the stomach or proximal small intestine. It may occur without any structural abnormality, known as functional dyspepsia, or alongside conditions such as gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, or gastroesophageal reflux disease.
SMCV Consultant Gastroenterologist and Hepatologist Dr. Deborah Chew Chia Hsin highlighted that festive periods frequently coincide with a rise in upper abdominal symptoms, with a noticeable increase in patients experiencing gastric issues during such celebrations. She pointed out that while many attribute these symptoms to overeating, persistent or recurring symptoms may indicate an underlying condition requiring evaluation.
Dr. Deborah noted that certain individuals are more vulnerable to experiencing dyspepsia during festive periods. These include those with existing functional dyspepsia, gastritis, reflux disease, diabetic patients who can delay gastric emptying, and those with anxiety who may experience heightened perception of gastric discomfort.
She explained that repeated heavy meals over a short period place cumulative strain on the stomach, especially when dishes are high in fat. Coconut milk-based dishes, such as rendang, prolong the time food remains in the stomach, while large meal portions further increase intragastric pressure, often resulting in bloating and a prolonged feeling of fullness.
Sweet desserts and sugary beverages add to the digestive burden by increasing osmotic load, while carbonated drinks introduce excess gas that worsens distension. Spicy food contains compounds such as capsaicin that can trigger heat and pain receptors, particularly in sensitive individuals.
Dr. Deborah advised waiting at least two to three hours after a heavy meal before lying down or going to bed, as lying down too soon can slow digestion and increase reflux of stomach contents into the oesophagus, which heightens burning, bloating, and discomfort.
Although festive-related indigestion is often temporary, it is important to distinguish normal digestive discomfort from symptoms that require medical attention. Persistent symptoms lasting beyond 2-3 weeks, progressively worsening, or accompanied by warning signs such as unexplained weight loss, anemia, black stools, persistent vomiting, or progressive difficulty swallowing, warrant medical evaluation.
In selected cases where symptoms remain unexplained despite routine investigations such as clinical review, blood tests, Helicobacter pylori testing, and upper endoscopy, doctors may recommend Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS). This advanced diagnostic technique combines two technologies in a single instrument and is used to evaluate pancreatic masses, assess bile duct abnormalities, and investigate unexplained thickening in the stomach wall, allowing precise fine needle biopsies guided by ultrasound imaging.
Once serious conditions are excluded, treatment focuses on relieving symptoms and improving gastric function. Medications may be prescribed to reduce acid-related irritation or support gastric motility. In cases where an infection such as Helicobacter pylori is identified, targeted treatment is required. However, most symptoms improve with appropriate medical guidance and dietary adjustment.
Beyond medication, prevention remains the most effective strategy during festive periods. Dr. Deborah advises practicing portion control, pacing meals, and allowing adequate time between heavy dishes. Probiotics may benefit selected individuals, particularly those prone to bloating, by supporting gut balance during sudden dietary changes.
Dr. Deborah emphasizes that while festive indulgence is part of the celebration, awareness and moderation are key to sustaining long-term digestive comfort.