Kuala lumpur: The principles of constitutional monarchy and parliamentary democracy are complementary systems that ensure political stability, a balance of power, and the continued safeguarding of the people's interests in Malaysia. Selangor Royal Council member Datuk Salehuddin Saidin emphasized that the monarchy is not merely symbolic or ceremonial but is central to the country's system of administration and governance.
According to BERNAMA News Agency, Salehuddin noted that the Federal Constitution provides that executive authority is vested in the Yang di-Pertuan Agong as the supreme head of state and is exercised by the Cabinet and the Prime Minister in accordance with Article 39. He pointed out that while many view the monarchy's role as ceremonial, the Constitution indicates its significant responsibility in ensuring smooth governance.
Salehuddin explained that the concept of parliamentary democracy allows the people to elect their leaders, while the monarchy acts as a check and balance on government actions. He asserted that the monarchy's role extends beyond appointing leaders or dissolving legislative bodies and includes safeguarding national unity and harmony.
He further elaborated that the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, although acting on advice under Article 40, has the responsibility to advise and caution the government in the people's interest. In situations such as racial tensions, the monarchy plays a key role in easing tensions and ensuring government action.
The constitutional significance of the monarchy is also highlighted in Article 159(5), which requires the Conference of Rulers' consent for amendments to key constitutional provisions. Salehuddin emphasized that such provisions demonstrate the monarchy's pivotal role in safeguarding the country's core foundations.
Reflecting on Malaysia's political landscape, he cited the Yang di-Pertuan Agong's role during the country's hung Parliament post-15th General Election, where His Majesty's counsel facilitated the formation of a unity government, ensuring political stability.
Salehuddin stressed the importance of understanding the history behind the Federal Constitution, including the monarchy's position, the Malay language, Islam as the religion of the Federation, and the special rights of Malays and Bumiputera. He suggested enhancing education on the Federal Constitution and Rukun Negara principles in schools and proposed dedicated training for new civil servants on these topics.
He concluded by stating that civil servants must understand nation-building foundations, respect the rule of law, and uphold the constitutional monarchy and parliamentary democracy, which are integral to Malaysia's governance system.